A credit score or credit bureau risk score
is based on information drawn from your credit report. About
30 individual factors are used to determine the score. Certain
factors, such as payment history, have more weight than
others, such as the length of your credit history. However,
a factor may be more important to your credit score than
to someone else's score because of differences in individuals'
credit reports. Also, each factor's importance can change
as your credit report changes. Factors can be categorized
in five areas:
- Payment history. Payment information on credit cards,
installment loans (such as a car loan), mortgage loans
or finance company accounts. Are there public record
items, such as judgments or bankruptcy, and collection
items? Details on late or missed payments, including
how much was owed, how late the payments were and how
recently they occurred. How many accounts show no late
payments. According to Fair Isaac, this category usually
determines about 35% of your score.
- Outstanding debt. Amount owed on all accounts and
on different types of accounts, such as credit cards
or installment loans. How many accounts have balances?
How close are you to each credit limit? According to
Fair Isaac, this category usually determines about 30%
of your score.
- Credit history. How long have you been building a
credit history? How long specific accounts have been
established and how long since you used each account?
According to Fair Isaac, this category usually determines
about 15% of your score.
- Pursuit of new credit. How many inquiries and new
accounts does your report show, and how recent are they?
How long has it been since the most recent inquiry?
Whether you have made on-time payments to re-build your
credit after a period of frequent late payments. According
to Fair Isaac, this category usually determines about
10% of your score.
- Types of credit in use. How many accounts are reported
for bank cards, travel and entertainment cards, department
store cards, installment loans, and so on. According
to Fair Isaac, this category usually determines about
10% of your score.
Also informative is the list of "reasons" that may be
provided to account for why a score isn't higher. When
lenders request your credit score, they also receive a
list of the four most significant reasons your score is
not higher. Although lenders do not have to tell you your
score, they should share the reasons listed on the report
with you.
The possible FICO reasons are:
- Amount owed on accounts is too high.
- Delinquency on accounts.
- Too few bank revolving accounts.
- Too many bank or national revolving accounts.
- Too many accounts with balances.
- Consumer finance accounts.
- Account payment history too new to rate.
- Too many recent inquiries in the last 12 months.
- Too many accounts opened in the last 12 months.
- Proportion of balances to credit limits is too high
on revolving accounts.
- Amount owed on revolving accounts is too high.
- Length of revolving credit history is too short.
- Time since delinquency is too recent or unknown.
- Length of credit history is too short.
- Lack of recent bank revolving information.
- Lack of recent revolving account information.
- No recent non-mortgage balance information.
- Number of accounts with delinquency.
- Too few accounts currently paid as agreed.
- Time since derogatory public record or collection.
- Amount past due on accounts.
- Serious delinquency, derogatory public record, or
collection.
- Too many bank or national revolving accounts with
balances.
- No recent revolving balances.
- Proportion of loan balances to loan amounts is too
high.
- Lack of recent installment loan information.
- Date of last inquiry too recent.
- Time since most recent account opening too short.
- Number of revolving accounts.
- Number of bank revolving or other revolving accounts.
- Number of established accounts.
- No recent bankcard balances.
- Too few accounts with recent payment information.
Keep in mind that your credit report changes day to day
as you make payments or increase balances. If you pay
off your credit cards in full every month but your credit
score is compiled before your payments are reported to
the credit bureau, your score will reflect those balances.
Generally, the total balance on your last statement is
the amount shown on your credit report.
|
